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Erbium
Electrons per shell 2,8,18,30,8,2
Electron Configuration [Xe] 4f12 6s2 open electron config
Ground state 3H6
Atomic Volume 18.4 cm3 mol-1
Electronegativity 1.24
Magnetic ordering No data
Mass magnetic susceptibility 3.77 x 10-6
Molar magnetic susceptibility 6.30566 x 10-7
Speed of sound 2830 m s-1
Thermal Properties
Enthalpy of Atomization 314 kJ mol-1 @25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion 17.2 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy of Vaporisation 280 kJ mol-1
Heat Capacity 28.12 J mol-1 K-1
Thermal Conductivity 14.5 W m-1 K-1
Thermal Expansion 12.2 μm m-1 K-1
Hardness
Brinell hardness 814 MPa
Vickers hardness 589 MPa
Elastic Properties
Bulk modulus 44.4 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.237
Shear modulus 28.3 GPa
Young's modulus 69.9 GPa
Electrical Properties
Electrical resistivity 8.6 x 10-7 Ω m
Electrical conductivity 0.0117 106/cm Ω
Chemical Properties
Electrochemical Equivalent 2.0802 g Ah-1
Valence Electron Potential (-eV) 49
Ionization Potential  
First 6.101
Second 11.929
Third 22.739
Energy Levels
Kα1 (intensity 100) 49.1277 KeV
Kα2 (intensity 50) 48.2211 KeV
Kβ1 (intensity 24) 55.681 KeV
Kβ2 (intensity 8.9) 56.9286 KeV
Kβ3 (intensity 9.6) 55.5145 KeV
Lα1 (intensity 100) 6.9487 KeV
Lα2 (intensity 10) 6.905 KeV
Lβ1 (intensity 42) 7.8109 KeV
Lβ2 (intensity 17) 8.189 KeV
Lβ3 (intensity 8) 7.9375 KeV
Lβ4 (intensity 4) 7.7437 KeV
Lγ1 (intensity 5.8) 9.089 KeV
Lγ2 (intensity 2) 9.3881 KeV
Lγ3 (intensity 2) 7.056 KeV
Ll (intensity 4.5) 6.1379 KeV
Atomic Radii
Empirical 175 pm
Bohr Radius 226 pm
Covalent Radius No data.
Van der Waals No data.
Triple covalent No data.
Metallic 176.1 pm
Oxidation States
Main Er+3
Other
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) show graph
M - M+ 588.7
M+ - M2+ 1151
M2+ - M3+ 2194
M3+ - M4+ 4115
Vapour Pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K
T (K) 1504 1663 (1885) (2163) (2552) (3132)
Crystal Structure
Structure Hexagonal close packed
a = 355.88 pm
b = 355.88 pm
c = 558.74 pm
α = 90°
β = 90°
γ = 120°